Dwarf Star-Forming Galaxies in the Local Universe: the HST Perspective

Alessandra Aloisi, JHU/CAS

In hierarchical clustering scenarios, dwarf galaxies are the first systems to collapse and start forming stars. The very low metal content, high gas fraction and ongoing star-formation make some of them (IZw18 or SBS 0335-052) very similar to primordial galaxies in the early Universe. Dwarf star-forming systems have also been suggested to be the local counterparts of the faint blue galaxies seen in excess at intermediate redshift (z~0.5-1). Understanding the star-formation history of dwarf irregular and blue compact galaxies is thus fundamental not only for the comprehension of the astrophysical mechanisms involved, but also for its cosmological implications. We present the state of the art of a project to infer the evolutionary history of some benchmark nearby (d = 2-10 Mpc) dwarf star-forming galaxies: IZw18, NGC 1569 and NGC 1705. The project is carried out with HST data in different spectral ranges. Imaging in the optical/NIR bands (WFPC2/NICMOS) will allow to resolve the stellar populations of these galaxies. Their star formation history over a Hubble time will be inferred by comparing the observed color-magnitude diagrams with synthetic ones. Spectroscopy in the UV/optical band (FOS, GHRS, STIS) of HII regions/SSCs and a few individual stars will allow to deduce chemical abundances in both the gas and the stars, gas kinematics, and its interaction with the stellar population. The results of this project will be finally inserted into the more general picture that is emerging for the evolutionary history of dwarf irregular/blue compact galaxies.