X-ray Probes of Local and Cosmological Star Formation

Andrew Ptak

It is becoming increasingly clear that X-rays are a useful tool for probing star formation. In the local universe, X-ray observations of galaxies often show the immediate (SN, hot gas, high-mass X-ray binaries) and delayed (low-mass X-ray binaries) results of star formation. X-rays are now providing interesting constraints for the star-formation history of the universe at redshifts of order ~ 1, and we have derived the first X-ray luminosity functions of normal galaxies at z>0 in the Chandra Deep Fields (CDFs). We selected galaxies in the CDFs using a novel Bayesian statistical approach, and the application of this type of analysis to other surveys will be discussed. In order to properly determine the (relatively) unbiased statistical X-ray properties of galaxies we are performing several wide-area and optically-selected surveys of nearby galaxies using Chandra and XMM-Newton data.