Chemical Abundance Determinations in Extragalactic HII Regions with FUSE: the Status

Vianney Lebouteiller

The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) offers the possibility to study the extragalactic interstellar medium (ISM) along the lines of sight of UV-bright HII regions where stars are forming. From the absorption lines of species such as HI, OI, NI, and FeII, we are able to derive the chemical composition of the neutral gas and compare it to the HII region composition. A major aim is to know whether HII regions truly reflect the ISM abundances of a galaxy or are self-polluted with metals ejected by massive stars during the present starburst episode. Our team has studied 4 Blue Compact Dwarfs galaxies (BCDs). The situation, however, remains still unclear: oxygen abundance is either equal in the neutral and ionized ISM (in IZW18, IZW36 and SBS0335-052) or 10 times lower in the neutral ISM (in Mrk 59). In addition, nitrogen (using NI as a tracer in the neutral gas) and argon (using ArI) are always lower in the neutral phase. Conscious of the potential problems due to the complexity of the lines of sight and the ionization structure in BCDs, we have obtained high quality spectra of individual HII regions in spiral galaxies. The situation is much easier to understand, allowing us to compare the abundances derived with FUSE with the abundances computed with PDR models and photoionization models (CLOUDY). A pilot study on NGC604, an HII region in M33, allows us to validate the method used for the BCDs. We also compare the results of NGC604 with those obtained for the 4 BCDs already studied. In NGC604, we find a global underabundance of N, O, Ar, and Fe in the neutral gas compared to the ionized gas suggesting the presence of primorial gas along the line of sight. Furthermore, NI and ArI appear to be good tracers of nitrogen and argon, respectively, in the neutral phase.